Spider-Man's superior speed and spider-sense let him control the fight, though he can't permanently stop Wolverine.
Spider-Man is faster, stronger, and has precognition. Wolverine has an indestructible skeleton, claws that cut through anything, and a healing factor that makes him virtually unkillable.
In their comic encounters, Spider-Man typically dominates the combat exchange โ he's simply too fast and too agile for Wolverine to catch clean. Peter's webbing can temporarily immobilize Logan, and his 10-ton strength allows him to physically launch Wolverine away from him.
But Spider-Man can't finish the job. Wolverine heals from everything, eventually cuts through the webbing, and comes right back. It's a fight Peter wins on points but can't win by KO.
The key difference from the Deadpool matchup: Wolverine is a much better close-range combatant than Deadpool, so if he closes distance, the adamantium claws are a genuine threat even to Peter.
Spider-sense negates Wolverine's berserker rush. Superior speed and agility mean Logan rarely lands a hit. 10-ton strength can physically control the fight. Webbing provides temporary immobilization.
Adamantium claws cut through webbing eventually and can wound Spider-Man significantly. Healing factor means Logan outlasts Peter's stamina. One clean claw strike could be devastating. Logan's centuries of combat experience include fighting speedsters.
Spider-Man wins the fight but can't permanently stop Wolverine. Peter controls every exchange through superior speed and precognition, but Logan's healing factor and adamantium make a definitive victory impossible.
Spider-Man also fights
Wolverine also fights